Reversing mechanism



3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Inverci'w'.

II III May 20, 1930.

H. A. TUTTLE' REVERSING MECHANISM May 20, 1930.

Filed July 9,. 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 20, 1930 UNITED;

HENRY A. Tu'r'r n, .013

OFFICE emana e ME H N S r ieetion edJu y ,9,

is the provision of a reversing gearing of the aboveitype which hasshort axial extent.

7 A gearing of the present type usually includes a pinion gear WlilClIiSfixed to the hub of the engine gearj In order'to provide for a reversegearing of small axial extent;

it is a further object'of this invention to arrange the clutch"mechanism at the forward endof the gearing and over and in drivingengageinent with the hub of the engine gear. The clutch mechanism thusoccupies space which heretofore has not been utilized ordinarily forthis purpose and which must of necessity be provided to securesufficient driving engagement between the engine shaft and the enginegear. I I

The hub of the engine gear is usually keyed onto the driving or engineshaft and usually extends rearwardly beyond the end'xof said shaft. Thehub is sometimes cramped to one side or the other when it is drivenon'the shaft 7 so that the gear does not run true or concentric withtheshaft. 'This'lacli of concentricity displaces the gear and so sets upundesirable noise in the gearing when-the gearing is operated forreverse drive and also causes uneven'wear and high stresses on the teethof the gearing which result inthe teeth becomverse gearing and from itscoaxial relation with the driven or propeller shaft. Such a constructionalso is highly advantageous since, While the engineer driving gear'mustbe of high grade, and consequently, expensive steel, the 111110 can beof arh ich cheaper ma:

1928. Serial No. 291,333.

terial and thus the cost ofthe gearing can be kept'down. r

A further objectof the invention is the provision of a gearingconstruction wherein the rotary speed oftheplanetary pinion gears isrelatively slow thereby to provide agearing which is comparativelyslow"when operating for reverse drive.

A further object of'the invention is a construction of reversing gearcasing that can be removed byinovementrearwardly of the pro peller shaftand wherein the propeller or driven gear can be removed'from the casingthrough an aperture provided by the removal of a casing plate.

A further object of the invention is to im-' prove the operatingmechanism for the brake and clutch mechanisms wherebyto strengthen andsimplify the parts.

Further objects of theinvent'ion will bepointed out hereinafter.

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation through the reversing gearing embodyingthe invent-ion taken along line 1 -1 of Fig. 2'.-

" Fig.2 is a" section taken along line 22 of Fig. '3 is a section takenalong line 33 of F g 2 I .i

Fig. dis a section of one-half the taken along line 14 of Fig.' 1. "Fig.5 is a rear elevation ofthe gearing.

Fig. 6 is a detailed elevation partly broken away of the engine gearhub.

' FigQ'T-is' a sectional elevation of the engine gear. V Fig. 8 isjaplan detail of the brake band and its supporting andoperating-'Inechanism;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the operating yoke for the brakeandclutch mecha nisms'. I V Thereversing gearing embodying thisinvention includes the engineer driving shaft arm l0 and the propelleror-driven shaft 12 which.

is axially aligned with the driving shaft. The engine shaft has'anengine gear hub 14 fixed thereon and secured thereto by a key 16.Said hub is provided with an enlarged internal recess 18in the bottom ofwhich aballbearing' QO is located; andthe reduced end 22 of the arm s aa desns 20 and has radially extended teeth 30 and correspondingindentations 32 which mesh with the indentations and teeth of the hub 14whereby to connect the hub andthe gear in positive driving engagement.The toothed driving connection between'the hub and the gear issomewhatloose, so as to permit a substantial amount of relative movementbetween the two so that the hub can be concentric on the engine shaftwithout effecting the position of the engine gear. The engine gear is ofhigh grade and therefore expensive steel, while the gear hub can be ofcheaper steel since it is separate from thegear, thereby effectingeconomy in construction.

With this construction alsothe engine gear I can be smaller in diameterthan its hub whereby the diameter of the planetary pinion gears meshingwith the spur gear can be increased,

and the speed of rotation thereof reduced without increasing the radialextent of the gearing. .This construction also provides a hub having ashaft hole clear through it and one that is free from constriction orinternal having a'cylindricalwall 37 and axially shoulders, so that itcanbe easily. and cheaply machined. The construction also is such thatthe bearing 20 for the propeller or driven shaft can be locatedforwardly of the engine gear thus to provide. a better support for theshaft thanis ordinarily the case. 1

A spur driven gear 34 of suitably larger diameter than the engine gearis fixed to the propeller shaft by suitable means, as the Woodrufi key36, immediately beside an at the rear of the engine gear. 7

The driving and driven gears are adapted to be connected for reversedrive through planetary pinion gears which are carried by a gear carriercomprising a casing or drum spaced integral radially inwardly extendedwalls or flanges 38 and 40. Set-s of largeand small pinion gears arecarried by the gear carrier and connect thedriving and driven spurgears. Each set of pinion gears comprises i a large pinion gear 42 whichis in mesh with V the driving spur gear 28. and is journalled on apin 44extended between and supported by the flanges 38 and 40 of the gearcarrier. Said 7 pinion gear is in mesh withsa-sma-ll and longer piniongear 4 6 which is journalled on a pin 48,similar to the pin 44.1 Saidpinion gear 46 isin mesh; also with the driven spur gear 34. Thus whenthe gear carrier is held stationary said gears operate to drive thedrivenshaft l2'reversely of the driving shaft.

The wall or flange 4 0 oft-he. gear carrier is provided with an axialopening therein which is at least as large in diameteras the driven gear34: so that said gear can'be removed from the position illustratedthrough said aperture. 7 Said aperture isclosed by a plate 50 which isdetachably secured to the flange 40 by screws 52. Said plate has abushing 54 therein which provides a rotatable support for the gearcarrier on the driven shaft.

ripheral wall 58 that abuts against the for-' ward wall 38 of the gearcarrier and encloses between said forward wall andplate 56, a clutchplate compartment. Said plate 58 is fixeddetacnably'to ,the gear carrier'by means of bolts 60. The inner face of said cylindrical wall 58isprovidedwithinternal axially extended projections as internal gearClutch mechanism is provided to clutch teeth 62 which are in mesh withexternalp'ror V 'jections or gear teeth of one set of clutch plates 64.The 'rearmost clutch plate 64* of said set is thicker than the othersand forms a pressure plate against which pressure is supplied in anaxial direction to set the clutch. Thehub 14 is provided with axiallyextended projections as the spur gear teeth 66 on its outer peripherywhich engage internal gear teeth of a set of clutch plates 68 which arealternate with the clutch plates 64. Thearii rangement is such that whensaid clutch plates; are pressed together thergear carrier is rotatedconjointlyv with the driving shaft whereby to drive the driven shaftthrough V the gears in the same'direction andat the same speed as thedriving shaft. The. clutch plates are pressed together by means of pins70 which are located between the sets'of pinion gears and are axiallymovable in the end flanges 38 and 40 of the gear carrier. Movement ofsaid pinsforwardly causes the for Ward ends thereof to bear against theclutch or pressure plate 64* and thereby set the f clutch. Thepins areprovided with enlarged rear ends orheads 72 and compression spr ngs 74encircle said pins and bear. at their rear ends against said heads andat their forward ends against the flange 38 whereby to urge said pinsaway from said clutch plates. Said springs are sufficiently strong toresist displacement due to centrifugal force acting on theclutchoperating links, aboutfto be de-I scribed, whichbear against therear ends or ,7;

said pins. 1

- l/Vith this arrangement: the clutch plates can be removed from theclutch compartment by the removal of the cover platefiefrom its con- 1ne'cti'on with the casing 37 withcut "disconnect ing the rest of thegearing.

' a'link-supporting pla te'76 whicliis located in The clutch operatingmechanism includes 7 tends loosely through an aperture in said platev78. Said plate 7 6 is provided withspacedears between which clutchoperating links 82 are pivoted on pins 84.. Said links are provided attheir forward ends with toes 86 which are adapted to bear against therear faces of the clutch operating pins 7 0 and urge the nforward to setthe clutch. The rear ends of the links .82 are moved outwardly to setthe clutch by means including a sleeve 88 which is slidably supportedfreely on the propeller or driven shaft 12 and is adapted to be movedrearwardly to set theclutch for forward drive and forwardly to set thegearing f r reverse drive. Said sleeve is provided with spacedoutstanding ears90 at the for ward end thereof between which the innerends of links 92' arelocated, Said links 92 are pivotedon pins 94 totherear ends of the tolioldthe clutch mechanism in clutch-set vselfrs'eating;supporting plate is es sentially as describedandclaimed1nmy co condition and prevent rearward movement of the sleeve 88 in aclutch setting direction he rea fa l dumbes pos t on.-

' 171 s linlc-s u l irs 191M6 6 a a floating or self-seating cOnneCl OIlwith a clutch-pressure adjusting ring 102 by means of the engagingspherical faces 104 of said ring and the ,ears of saidplate whereby theplate can shift its position so automatically tohave equal pressureapplied tothe clutch thrust P n .0- e a ena n na s r threaded within anearwardly extended oylin drical proiection 106 of the gear carrier andcan be rotated therein to move the link-supporting plate forwardly andrearwardly wh by ts ary th l t h usta ns Pr and cpinpens ate forwearbetween the clutch platesand associated parts. Said ring 102 issplit and the proximate ends 108 thereof are adapted to be spread aparta screw 110 whereby clock the clutch plate releasably Th a ran m n ofthepte i is en g ap li a i r er a-l No- 180,705 l Apri1,4,:1 927. i

The sleeye88 is inovednxially of the prop ellershaft by .meansfincluding a yoke 112' which is clamped to across shaft 114 located ahoveandextended transversely ofzthe sleeve n rwPslle e at -j S i than i p o anth 11.51 22 spsiafi is handle, steh wn,

by which the shaft can be rocked tooperate the mechanism. The yoke isprovided with bars 116 at its'ends which are fixed detach ably to theyoke by bolts 118 and have openings therein through which the shaft 114passed- The lower ends of said barshave slots 120 therein which looselyengage pins 122 of a thrust collar 124 which is rotatably secured to thesleeve 88. This construction of the yoke in the bars 116 permits theyoke to be made of cast iron so that it can be readily made in a varietyof shapes frequently necessary to clear various iarts of the earin andwhich l b O also permits the bars 116 to be made of stronger material assteel for strength. 0 One of the bars 116 has an integral upper extension 116 for operating the brakemechanism which is adapted to set thegearing for reverse drive. 7

Said brake mechanism includes a flexible brake band 126 which surroundsthe cylindrical drum 37: of the gear carrier and is adapted frictionallyto engage said carrier and hold it stationary for reverse drive. Thebrake band is provided with upstanding spaced ends 128, especially seeFig. 8, and throughwhich a belt 130 is passed loosely. Said bolt carriesa cam roller 132 at an outer end thereof which is engaged by a cam faceof a bar 134 connected with the extension 116 of one of the yoke barswhereby, when said cam bar 134 is moved rearwardly, to draw the ends ofthe brakeband together about the gear carrier or drum. Heretofore, ithas been customary to locate the brake band within a groove in the drumwhereby to hold it against axial displacement when the brake is operatedto set the gearing for reverse drive. This arrangement is expensive andfor other reasons is sometimes undesirable.

In accordance with this invention, the brake band is held against axialmovement due to the action of the-cam bar 184 by means of a radiusbar136 which is pivoted at its for- Ward end on a screwthreaded pin 138car ried by one of the ends of theibrake band. The rear end-of said baris supported loosely on the cross shaft114. Said radius'bar is locatedimmediately adjacent the cam bar 134 and thusis close to the: pointofapplication of anaxially directed displacing force acting on the brakeband whereby it can hold thebrake hand against such force withoutsetting up "cramping strains on the band' or without permitting the bandto twist.

Iclaim-z V i i 1; Reversing mechanismincluding the combination ofdriving and driven shafts, gearing to securereverse drive including agear carr ed by sa1d-dr1ven shaft, ahub carried by sa d dr ving shaft, aflexible positive drivmg connection between said hub and gear whichpermits both to rotate freely in angular displacements thereof, a gearfixed to the -d rlyrm shaft, planetary pinion gears meshing with theaforesaid gears, an axially fixedcarrier for sa1d pinion gears, andmeans to hold said carrier stationary for reverse drive.

2. Reversing mechanism including the comhination of aligned driving anddriven shafts, clutch mechanism to secure forward drive and gearing tosecure reverse drive including planetary pinion gears, a spur gearcarried by said driven shaft meshing with said pin:

ion gears, a hub carried by said driving shaft,

a flexible positive driving connection between said hub and driving gearwhich permits both to rotate freely about independentangularly-displaced axes, a gear fixed to the driven shaft, planetarypinion gears meshing with the aforesaid gears, an axially stationaryplanetary gear carrier, means to hold the carrier stationary for reversedrive, said clutchmechanism including clutch plates carried by saidcarrier and said hub, and means pressing said plates together againstsaid carrier to set the clutch mechanism 'for' forward drive. 4 v g V 3.Reversing mechanism including a combination of driving and drivenshafts, gearing to secure reverse drive including a gear carried by saiddriven shaft having radially outstanding clutch teeth, and 'a'hubcarried by said driving shaft having axiallyextended V clutch teethwhich mesh loosely with the teeth of said gear and provide a flexibledriving connection between said hub and gear which permits said gear toassume various angular 7 positions with respect to said hub, a gearfixed to the driven shaft, planetary pinion gears meshing with theaforesaid gears, an axiallystationary carrier for said pinion gears, anda brake drum surrounding said carrier and engageable therewith to holdit stationary for reverse drive. 7 V

4:. Reversing mechanismhaving the com- 'bination of aligned driving anddriven shafts,

an axially immovable driving spur gearjournalled on said driven shaftand havlng a flexible driving connection with said driving shaft bywhich it can be rotated by said hub when axially displaced angularlywith respect thereto, a driven gear fixed to said drlven shaft,planetary p nion gears connectingsaiddrivmg and driven gears, a carrierfor said planetary'pinion gear-shaving a rotatable support on bothshafts and surrounding said flexible'driving connection, and means tohold said carrier stationary for reverse driver i 5..R eversingmechanism including the combinationof aligned driv ng and driven shafts,clutch mechanism to i connect said shafts for forward drive, and gearingmechanism to connect sa1d shafts for reverse drive including a drivinggear hubfixed to said driving shaft,land having a bearing recess thereinlocated in the rear of said driving shaft, a bearing therein in whichsaid driven shaft is located, a drivinggear surrounding said drivenshaft in the rear of said bearing and having a driving connection withsaid" hub, a driven gear fixed to said driven shaft, 7

planetary gearing elements meshing with both of said gears, anaxially-stationary carrier for said gearingelementgmeans to hold saidcarrier stationary for reverse drive,-and

means including clutch plates connecting said carrier and hub forforward drive. v

6. Reversing mechanism including the combination of aligned driving and;driven shafts, clutch mechanism to connect said shafts for forwarddrive, and gearing mechanism to connect said shafts for reverse driveincluding a driving gear hub fixed to said driving shaft andhaving abearing recess therein located in the rear of said driving shaft, abearing therein in which said driven shaft is located, a driving gearjournalled on said driven shaft in the rear of said bearing and having aflexible positive'driving connection with said hub, a driven gear fixedto sa1d driven shaft, planetary gearing elements meshing with both ofsaid gears, an axially statlonary carrler for said gearing elements,

means to hold said carrierstationary for re verse drive,and meansincluding clutch plates connecting said hub and carrier for forwarddrive. 7

'7. In a reversing mechanism, the combination of aligned driving anddriven shafts, a

driving gear overlying the driven shaft and having a driving connectionwith the driving a driving. gear overlying said driven shaft" and havinga driving connectionwith said i r hub, abearing insaid hub forwardly ofsaid drivinggear in which said driven shaft is located, a driven gearfixed to said driven shaft, planetary gearing elements meshing with bothof said gears, an axiallystationary carrier for said gearingelements,means to hold said carrier stationary for reverse drive, and meansncludlng clutch; plates connecting said hub and carrier for forwarddrive. 1 9. Reverslng mechanism incluing the (101115 1 bination ofdriving and driven shafts, clutch mechanism to secure forward" drive,and reversmg gearlng to ,secure reverse drive ineluding planetary piniongears, a driving 1 spur gear in mesh with said pinion gears, a

hub which is larger in diameterfthan said spur gear having a positiveflexible driving connection therewith 1 and carried by said drivingshaft, a spurgearfixed to said driven shaft meshing with said plnlongears, an

axially=stationary pinion gear carrier-overlying both of saidshafts andhaving a rotatable support on said hub, means tohold said carrierstationary for 'reverse drive, clutch plates located within saidcarrier, and connected respectivelytherewith and with said'hub, andmeans' to move said clutch plates axially to set the mechanism forforward drive; a a

1'0. Reversing mechanism comprising the combination of aligned drivingand driven shafts,- clutch mechanism connecting said shafts for forwarddriveand gearing mech 'anism COHHQOtIDgSZLICl shafts for reverse driveincluding a hub fixed to said drivings'haft, a spur driving'gearournalled on said driven shaft and having a flexlble positive drivingconnection with said hubby Which it can be rotated in an angularlydisplaced i osition with respect to said hub,-a spur gearfixed to saiddriven shaft besidesaid. driving gear, a rotatable axially fixedgearcarrier surrounding' said spur gears, intermeshing planetary pmlongears connecting said spur gears and having a rotatable support on saidcarrler,

and brake mechanism to hold said carrier said driving gear, a rotatableaxially fixed carrier for said pinion gears, means to hold said carrierstationary for reverse drive, and clutch mechanism connecting saidshafts for forward drive located in front of said carrier and aroundsaid hub and having clutch-elements which are carried by 'and have adriv- 12. Reversing mechanism including the combination of aligneddriving and driven shafts, planetary gearing connecting said shafts forreverse drive including a hub fixed to said driving shaft, a drivinggear having a driving connection with said hub, planetary gearingelements connecting said gear'and said driven shaft including planetarypinion gears driven by said driving gear, a gear fixed to said drivenshaft meshing with said pinion gears, a rotatable axiallyfixed carrierfor said pinion gears, means to hold said carrier stationary for reversedrive, and clutch mechanism connecting said shafts for forward drivelocated in front of said carrier and around said hub and havingclutch-elements which have a driving connection one with said carrierand another with said hub,

mg connection one with said carrier and s another with sald hub.

clutch operating mechanism located at the rearof said carrier, andclutch operating elements extended forwardly through said carrierintooperative engagement with said clutch-elements.

13. Reversing mechanism comprising the combination of driving and drivenshafts,

"planetary gearing connecting'said shafts for reverse drive including"adriving gear having a hub fixed to said drlving shaft,

-means including planetary pinion gears c0nnectingsaid driving gear anddriven shaft, a rotatable casing comprising a carrier for said piniongears surrounding said driving gear, and having a compartment whichsurrounds said hub, clutch plateslocated in said compartment around saidhub and having driving connections separately with said carrier and withsaid hub, and operating mechanism to set the clutch mechanism. l

1 4i. Reversing mechanism including th combination of driving and drivenshafts,

gearing connecting said shafts for reverse drive including a drivinggear having a hub fixed to said driving shaft, planetary pinion gearsfor connecting said drivinggear with said driven shaft, a rotatableaxially fixed carrier for said pinion gears having a rear wall which hasa rotatable support on said driven shaft and a front wall which hasarotatable support :on :said hub, cooperating clutch elements disposed atthe rear ofesa-id front wall :and liaving drivingconnections separatelywith saidcarrier and witli s'a'id hub, and operating mechanism includingthrust members carried by' said carrier and extended between said piniongears to set tlie c1n tch for -.forwa1"d drive.

.15 Reversing mechanism includingtlthc combination of drivinganddrivenshafts,

gearing connecting said--sha3fts for reverse drive including a drivinggear jfiiirnalled' of] said driven shaft, a driving hub fixed rogs'aicidriving shaft and having-a fiexible positive driving Connection "at itsrear end with said driving gear, 'means including; ,planetary vpiniongears and a gear fixed-to saiddr-iven shaft for connecting said drivinggear with;

said driven shaft, a 'earrier jforsaid pinion gears rotatable about said'hub,v ineans' to hold said carr er stationary for reverse drive,

clutch mechanism connectingsaid shafts for gearing mechanism connectingsaid "shafts for-reverse drive includi g a drivi-ng gear a hub fixedsaid driving shaft,

forward drive includin ecp rating clutch elements surrounding said j hubn (front of means including planetary pinion gears connecting saiddriving gear with said driven shaft, a cylindrical casing surroundingsaid shafts and constituting a carrier for said said shafts throughsaidogearing mechanism for forward drive including a plate sur- 7 7'rounding said'hub and spaced forwardly of said carrier and having anouter cylindrical ,wall' rigid therewith, clutch plates located betweensaid plateiand carrier and having driving connections separately withsaidwall V and with said hub, and operating mechanism to set the clutchmechanism for forward drive.

psiti'ons,'said hub also having peripherally disposed clutch platedriving. members.

18. Reversingmechanismincludingthe combination of driving and drivenshafts, plane- 'tary gearing elements connecting said shafts for reversedrive including a gear-enclosing casing surrounding'said shafts, clutchmechanism connecting said, shafts for forward drive includingcooperating 'jclutch plates 7 located'forward of said casing, clutchoperating mechanism located-at the rear of said casing, clutch operatingmembers carried by pinion gearsyclutch mechanism connecting includingplanetary pinion gears connecting said spur gear with said drivingshaft, a carrier for said pinion gears surroundingsa'id' driven shaftand having a'rear radialwall over said 0 ening having a detachableconnection with said wall. f

21; Reversing mechanism comprising the combination of aligneddriving anddriven 7, shafts, planetary gearing elements connecting said shafts forreverse drive including 7 a spur gearfixed to said driven shaft, meansincluding planetary pinion ears connecting said spur gear with saidriving shaft, a ga carrier for said a pinion gears surroundingsaiddriven shaft and having a rear radial 1 wall which has an opening whichis opposed to and is larger than said spur gear, and a and movableaxially of said casing between a I said gearing elements arranged toapply force on -said clutch plates, and springs disposed between saidgearing elements acting on said members to hold them yieldably out ofoper- 'ative relation with saidclutch' plates.

19. jBeversin mechanism comprising the combination '0 driving and drivenshafts, planetary gearing elements connecting said "shafts for reverse'drive including a gearenclosing casing surrounding said shafts,

clutch mechanism connecting said shafts for .forward'drive includingcooperating .clutch plates located forward of said casing, clutch,op'eratinglmechanism located at the rear of said casing, clutchoperating pins slidable within said casing between said planetarygearing elements and movable axially of said easing into pressureapplying relation with.

said 'clutch plates, and springs encircling said pins" within saidcasing and acting on said pins in a direction tohold them yieldablyoutof pressure applying relation with said clutch plates.

20. Reversing'mechanism comprising the combination of-aligned drivingand driven shafts, planetary gearing elements connects ing said shaftsfor reverse drive including a spur gear fixed to said driven shaft,means plate over said openinghaving a detachable 5 connection withsaid'wall, said platejbeing supported rotatably by said driven shaft,"

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification. j

' HENRY ALTUTVTLEt which has an openingwhich-is opposed to 770 V andislarger than said spur gear, and a plate

